oracle数据库克隆
oracle on linux安装多台服务器时可以采用一次安装副本多台克隆即可，简单快速. ************************************************************** 1、检查下列包是否安装 ************************************************************** yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make binutils compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libcap1 \ elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel glibc glibc-devel glibc-common \ libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel sysstat expat \ ksh unixODBC unixODBC-devel --配置系统# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo MemTotal: 4946772 kB # grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo SwapTotal: 12289716 kB # df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on/dev/sda2 17G 2.8G 14G 18% / /dev/sda1 1012M 40M 921M 5% /boot none 891M 0 891M 0% /dev/shm /dev/hdc 192M 192M 0 100% /media/cdrom **************************************************************2.参数修改 **************************************************************1.设置需要的IP2、修改host文件 在/etc/hosts文件中添加一个全限定域名，如： vi /etc/hosts192.168.50.180 vp01 vp01.vpay.com192.168.50.190 vp02 vp02.vpay.com3. 查看修改结果 hostname cat /etc/hosts | grep `eval hostname`4、设置核心参数 1、在/etc/sysctl.conf文件中加入下列行： #vi /etc/sysctl.conf fs.suid_dumpable = 1fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576fs.file-max = 6815744kernel.shmmni = 4096# semaphores: semmsl, semmns, semopm, semmni kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500net.core.rmem_default=4194304net.core.rmem_max=4194304net.core.wmem_default=262144net.core.wmem_max=1048586 5、运行下列命令改变核心参数： #/sbin/sysctl -p 6、在/etc/security/limits.conf文件中加入下列行： # vi /etc/security/limits.conf oracle soft nproc 2047oracle hard nproc 16384oracle soft nofile 1024oracle hard nofile 65536oracle hard stack 102407、在/etc/pam.d/login文件中加入下列行： # vi +13 /etc/pam.d/loginsession required pam_limits.so **************************************************************3.创建下列组和用户 ************************************************************** groupadd oinstall groupadd dba groupadd oper useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper -d /home/oracle -m oracle passwd oracle123**************************************************************4.设置oracle用户的环境变量 ************************************************************** 用oracle登录在：/home/oracle/.bash_profile文件末尾,注意把其中ORACLE_SID换成自己的实例名： # vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile 也可以 #su - oracle #vi .bash_profile 增加下列内容： # Oracle Settings TMP=/tmp;export TMP TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1; export ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID=jinri; export ORACLE_SID ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH #LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=2.4.1; export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL #set languageNLS_LANG="SIMPLIFIED CHINESE"_CHINA.AL32UTF8 export NLS_LANG EDITOR=vi export EDITORif [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then ulimit -p 16384 ulimit -n 65536 else ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 fi fi alias oratrace="cat $ORACLE_BASE/diag/rdbms/$ORACLE_SID/$ORACLE_SID/trace/alert_jinri.log" alias oradata="cd $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/$ORACLE_SID" alias oranetwork="cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin" alias topc='ps -e -o pcpu,pid,user,tty,args | sort -n -k 1 -r | head' alias topm='ps -e -o pmem,pid,user,tty,args | sort -n -k 1 -r | head'----新建必要的数据目录#mkdir /u01/backup/ && chown -R oracle.oinstall /u01/backup/ # mkdir /data/ctl # chown -R oracle.oinstall /data/ctl/ **************************************************************5.副本克隆安装数据库 **************************************************************--1.vp01正常关闭数据库[oracle@vp01 20760982]$ sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on 星期一 9月 28 18:27:13 2015Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. 连接到: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit ProductionWith the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing optionsSQL> shutdown immediate数据库已经关闭。 已经卸载数据库。 ORACLE 例程已经关闭。SQL> exit [oracle@vp01 20760982]$ lsnrctl stopLSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 28-9月 -2015 18:27:39Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. 正在连接到 (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) 命令执行成功---2.vp01打包$cd /u01/ $tar czvf oracle.tar.gz /u01/---3.vp01将oracle安装副本压缩包传递到vp02scp -r -p -P 16335 /u01/oracle.tar.gz oracle@10.174.157.163:/u01/backup/---4.vp02解压修改权限#chown -R oracle.oinstall /u01/backup/oracle.tar.gz #cd /u01/backup/ # tar zxvf oracle.tar.gz -C /u01/--移动目录到上一层# cd /u01/u01/ && mv app/ ../ && ls /u01/u01/ && ls /u01/app/ #rm -rf /u01/u01---控制文件有个副本在不同目录#cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/jinri/control01.ctl /data/ctl/control03.ctl #chown -R oracle.oinstall /u01/app/ #chown -R oracle.oinstall /data/ctl/--relink$cd $relink allwriting relink log to: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/install/relink.log----5.修改监听解析文件$ cat /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora # listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = jinri) (SID_NAME = jinri) ) ) LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.174.157.163)(PORT = 1521)) ) ) ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle [oracle@vp02 ~]$ #将vp01修改为vp02对应IP $ cat /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora # tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. JINRI = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = vp02)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = jinri) ) )-----6.附加oracle主目录cd $ORACLE_HOME/oui/bin$ $ORACLE_HOME/oui/bin/runInstaller –silent -attachHome -invPrtLoc /u01/app/oraInventory/oraInst.loc \ ORACLE_HOME_NAME="OraDb11g_home1" \ ORACLE_HOME="/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1"Starting Oracle Universal Installer... Checking swap space: must be greater than 500 MB. Actual 4999 MB Passed The inventory pointer is located at /etc/oraInst.loc The inventory is located at /u01/app/oraInventory Please execute the '/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh' script at the end of the session.'AttachHome' was successful. #/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh--注册前$ cat /u01/app/oraInventory/ContentsXML/inventory.xml <?xml version="1.0" standalone="yes" ?> <!-- Copyright (c) 1999, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved. --><!-- Do not modify the contents of this file by hand. --><INVENTORY> <VERSION_INFO> <SAVED_WITH>11.2.0.4.0</SAVED_WITH> <MINIMUM_VER>2.1.0.6.0</MINIMUM_VER> </VERSION_INFO> <HOME_LIST> </HOME_LIST> <COMPOSITEHOME_LIST> </COMPOSITEHOME_LIST> </INVENTORY>--注册前$ cat /u01/app/oraInventory/ContentsXML/inventory.xml <?xml version="1.0" standalone="yes" ?> <!-- Copyright (c) 1999, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved. --><!-- Do not modify the contents of this file by hand. --><INVENTORY> <VERSION_INFO> <SAVED_WITH>11.2.0.4.0</SAVED_WITH> <MINIMUM_VER>2.1.0.6.0</MINIMUM_VER> </VERSION_INFO> <HOME_LIST> <HOME NAME="OraDb11g_home1" LOC="/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1" TYPE="O" IDX="1"/> </HOME_LIST> <COMPOSITEHOME_LIST> </COMPOSITEHOME_LIST> </INVENTORY> $ cat /etc/oraInst.loc inventory_loc=/u01/app/oraInventory inst_group=oinstall----7.分离oracle主目录(需要的时候)$ORACLE_HOME/oui/bin/runInstaller –silent -detachHome -invPrtLoc /u01/app/oraInventory/oraInst.loc \ ORACLE_HOME_NAME="OraDb11g_home1" \ ORACLE_HOME="/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1"----8.启动监听文件$ lsnrctl startLSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 28-9月 -2015 19:30:48Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. 启动/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/tnslsnr: 请稍候... TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production 系统参数文件为/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora 写入/u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/vp02/listener/alert/log.xml的日志信息 监听: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) 监听: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=vp02)(PORT=1521))) 正在连接到 (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) LISTENER 的 STATUS------------------------别名 LISTENER 版本 TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production 启动日期 28-9月 -2015 19:30:48正常运行时间 0 天 0 小时 0 分 2 秒 跟踪级别 off 安全性 ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF 监听程序参数文件 /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora 监听程序日志文件 /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/vp02/listener/alert/log.xml监听端点概要... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=vp02)(PORT=1521))) 监听程序不支持服务 命令执行成功 $ tnsping jinri TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 28-9月 -2015 19:31:11Copyright (c) 1997, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. 已使用的参数文件: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/sqlnet.ora 已使用 TNSNAMES 适配器来解析别名 尝试连接 (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = vp02)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = jinri))) OK (0 毫秒) $ sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on 星期一 9月 28 20:17:45 2015Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. 已连接到空闲例程。SQL> startup ORACLE 例程已经启动。 Total System Global Area 3925032960 bytes Fixed Size 2259240 bytes Variable Size 822085336 bytesDatabase Buffers 3087007744 bytes Redo Buffers 13680640 bytes 数据库装载完毕。 数据库已经打开。SQL> select open_mode from v$database;OPEN_MODE--------------------READ WRITE
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